Translation and Implementation Science Research for Heart, Lung, Blood Diseases, and Sleep Disorders

The Center for Translation Research and Implementation Science (CTRIS) supports the conduct of pragmatic trials which identify the best strategies for ensuring successful integration of evidence-based interventions within clinical and public health settings, such as health centers, worksites, communities, and schools in the United States and abroad. Trials may use qualitative, quantitative, and/or mixed methods approaches. Mixed methods—also known as multi-methods—involve the integration of quantitative and qualitative data collection and analytical approaches into a single study or program of inquiry to generate new knowledge. It can include either concurrent or sequential use of these two classes of methods to follow a line of inquiry. Pragmatic trials constitute a cornerstone of late-stage T4 translation research process. They are unlike explanatory trials that confirm a physiological or clinical hypothesis and form the pillars of the earlier stages of the translational research spectrum. Rather, pragmatic trials are designed to generate the knowledge needed for the adoption of interventions, already proven to be effective in explanatory trials, into real-world clinical practice and community settings. This research helps to turn discoveries into improved health. Programs support the biomedical research workforce and career development and research dissemination including training of early-stage scientists and established investigators to conduct late-stage translation phase (T4) and implementation science research in heart, lung, and blood diseases and sleep disorders and research education. Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program: To stimulate technological innovation; use small business to meet Federal research and development needs; foster and encourage participation in innovation and entrepreneurship by socially and economically disadvantaged persons; and increase private-sector commercialization of innovations derived from Federal research and development funding related to late-stage translation phase (T4) , including implementation science, research education, and research dissemination products, for both domestic and global health. Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) program: To stimulate technological innovation; foster technology transfer through cooperative R&D between small businesses and research institutions, and increase private sector commercialization of innovations derived from federal R&D to late-stage translation phase (T4) research including implementation science, research education, and research dissemination products for both domestic and global health.